Export Import Companies In Usa – In 2017, the United States had a surplus on trade in services of $255.1 billion, which contrasted with a deficit of $805.2 billion on trade in goods. Despite the important role that trade in services plays in the economy of the United States and around the world, public information about the firms that engage in such trade remains limited. The Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) published a profile of service traders in 2012 in an effort to fill that gap; this article provides an updated view of services traders for 2008–2017, with an emphasis on 2017.
92 (June 2012). For more information on how the statistics presented in this article compare to those published in 2012, see the FAQ “
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In addition, the BEA is introducing two interactive statistical tables that contain certain tabulations included in this article with extended historical detail.
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The analysis presented in this article is focused on a subset of statistics on international trade in services which is based on data collected by the BEA. BEA administers surveys on international transactions in financial services; insurance services; fees for the use of intellectual property; telecommunications, computer and information services; and other business services.
(For more information, see the “Defining Selected Services” graphic at right.) Data from these surveys were linked to BEA’s extensive information on
The use of linked data between BEA surveys provides a more complete view of the characteristics of service trading MNEs.
The survey on trade in services conducted by BEA collects very little information on firms that trade in services other than their primary industry. In contrast, the AMNE survey collects information on many aspects of the company’s finances and operations. Because MNEs account for such a large proportion of trade in services, the linked data provide considerable insight into the nature of firms that are service traders and open the door to further research, including research on where the firms that provide services serve foreign markets either through international commercial transactions or through their affiliates located in the markets they serve.
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Linked data can also enable advances in ongoing research on digital commerce and the US economy and on patterns in the creation and use of intellectual property assets by – MNEs.
The U.S. trade balance in the selected services covered by this article was $176.1 billion in 2017, accounting for 69 percent of the overall trade surplus. the total trade in services (graph). These selected services cover most of the international services traded between businesses and accounted for 57 percent of total services exports and 51 percent of total services imports in 2017 . travel, which includes transactions by individuals; government (including military) goods and services; and transport and maintenance and repair services (including those negotiated between businesses). The services that are outside the scope for this article are mainly based on source data other than surveys administered by the BEA, with the exception of certain transport and maintenance services, and therefore cannot be linked at the level of – firm with the BEA AMNE survey; the surplus on trade in these services totaled $79.0 billion in 2017, mostly reflecting a surplus in travel services.
The rest of this article is divided into three main sections. The first section presents information on all US service dealers, including details by industry and firm type. The rest of the article focuses on the characteristics of service traders who are MNEs using data from the BEA’s AMNE survey. The second section presents statistics for US parents by employment size class and primary industry as well as by affiliation status and country of their business partners. The third section presents similar information for US affiliates. This article also contains three boxes: “Types of Firms that trade Services” presents key terms used in this article; “Availability of Data” indicates where additional information from this article, and about international services more broadly, can be found on the BEA website; and “Trade in Services by Small MNEs” discusses the characteristics of trade in services for service traders that have been identified as small firms through linked data on US parents and affiliates of United States.
The multinational enterprises (MNEs) featured in this article are US commercial enterprises that are engaged in a direct investment relationship with a foreign resident. Direct investment is distinguished from other types of international investment by the implied degree of foreign control or influence.
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There is overlap in the statistics for the US parent and US affiliates presented in this article because a portion of the US parent is foreign owned.
The statistics presented for MNEs in the “U.S. All Service Merchants” section of this article are calculated by adding the statistics of the U.S. parents and U.S. affiliates, and then reduce the overlap due to US parents of foreign ownership so that they are not counted twice. In 2017, exports of selected services for firms that were both a US parent and a majority US affiliate were $62.9 billion, and imports were $65.2 billion. The statistics presented separately for US parents and US affiliates in this article each include the overlap of firms that are both US parents and US affiliates in the majority. For this reason, the sum of the statistics for US parents and US affiliates is not equal to the total for MNEs, and the sum of the statistics for US parents , US affiliates and not MNEs will not equal the total for all service merchants.
BEA is introducing two tables in its International Services interactive tables containing statistics based on tables B and C in this article, with additional historical detail dating back to 2008:
Additional detailed statistics for US international trade in services that underlie the statistics presented in this article appear in tables 1.1–2.3 in the BEA’s International Services interactive tables. BEA statistics on the activities of US MNEs and on the activities of US affiliates of foreign MNEs are also available on the BEA website www.bea.gov.
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In 2017, finance and insurance firms accounted for the largest share of exports and imports of selected services, followed by manufacturing and information firms (table A).
Since 2008—the first year covered by the linked data highlighted in this article—the ranking of the nine major industry categories presented in this article has remained almost unchanged for both exports and -imports.
In 2017, the top three industry categories accounted for $323.4 billion (or 71 percent) of selected services exports of $452.9 billion. Highlights for the top three industries include the following:
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The top three industry categories for imported services accounted for $199.9 billion, or 72 percent, of selected services imports of $276.8 billion in 2017. Highlights for the top three industries include the following:
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MNEs are the preeminent service traders. In 2017, MNEs accounted for 92 percent of selected services exports and 91 percent of imports. The dominant role of MNEs plays during the period 2008–2017, which is the period covered by the most recent link between BEA data on international services and MNEs (graph 1). In addition, MNEs accounted for most ($163.7 billion) of the $176.1 billion surplus on trade in selected services in 2017. Among MNEs, US parents were net exporters of selected services while US affiliates were net importers.
Although non-multinational enterprises (non-MNEs) accounted for less than 10 percent of both exports and imports of selected services overall in 2017, their share of trade varied by type of service (table C). For example, non-MNEs accounted for larger shares of trade in financial services and insurance services compared to very small shares of trade in research and development services (within other business services) or payments for -use of intellectual property.
Information and communication technology (ICT) services and commerce over ICT networks, which are approximated by potentially ICT-enabled services, are important for all service traders, including both MNEs as well as non-MNEs.
In 2017, due to similarity of definition, services potentially enabled by ICT accounted for 97 percent of both exports and imports of selected services.
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Note. In this table, and in the statistics presented in the rest of the article, there is an overlap between the statistics of the US parent and the majority-owned US affiliates that arises when a parent of a particular United States would, in turn, be majority owned by a foreign country. company. For this reason, the sum of statistics for US parents and US affiliates is not equal to the total for MNEs and the sum of statistics for US parents, US affiliates and not MNEs does not equal the total for all firms.
In 2017, exports of selected services totaled $452.9 billion. During the period 2008–2017, exports of selected services grew at an annual rate of 4.9 percent, reflecting strong growth in MNE exports (5.5 percent); the annual growth rate of non-MNE exports during the same period was only 0.1 percent. In line with their stronger growth, the share of exports attributable to MNEs grew from 87 percent in 2008 to 92 percent in 2017. From 2008 to 2017, the highest growth in MNE exports was in financial services and professional and management consulting services.
By firm type, US parent companies accounted for the most selected services exports, with exports totaling $381.4 billion in 2017. US affiliates exported $97.0 billion and non-MNEs exported $37.5 billion of selected services in 2017.
The largest category of selected services exports varied among MNEs and non-MNEs,
